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11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Enthalpies for Different types of Reactions

Standard enthalpy of combustion (symbol: ∆c H⊖) It is the Enthalpy change taking place when one mole of a compound undergoes complete combustion in the...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Shapes of atomic orbitals

The shape of s-orbitals: They are the non-directional and spherically symmetric i.e. probability of finding the electron at a given distance...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Filling of Orbitals in Atom

Filling of Orbitals in Atom The filling of electrons into the orbitals of different atoms takes place according to the aufbau principle which is based...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Fundamental Concepts in Organic Reaction Mechanism

In an organic reaction, the organic molecule (also referred as a substrate) reacts with an appropriate attacking reagent and leads to the formation of...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Electron Displacement Effects in Covalent Bonds

Electronic displacements in covalent bonds occurs due to the presence of an atom or group of different electronegativity or under the influence of some...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Orbit Overlap Concept

Orbit Overlap Concept According to orbital overlap concept, the formation of a covalent bond between two atoms results by pairing of electrons present in the...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Classical Idea of Redox Reactions

Classical Idea of Redox Reactions - Oxidation and Reduction Reactions Oxidation Reduction Addition of Oxygen e.g. 2Mg + O2 2MgO Removal of Oxygen e.g. CuO + C Cu + CO Removal...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Group 2 Element: Alkaline Earth Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals: They were named alkaline earth metals since they were alkaline in nature like alkali metals oxides and they were found in the...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Group 14 Elements: The Carbon Family

Physical Properties of Group 14 Elements Electronic Configuration: Elements of group 14 have the general outer electronic configuration of ns2np2. Covalent Radius: There is a considerable increase in...
11th Chemistry NCERT notes

Group 13 Elements

In p-block elements, the last electron enters in the outermost p-orbital. There are six groups of p-block elements in the Periodic Table, numbering from...