Classification of Solids
Solids are classified on the basis of the arrangement of their constituent particles.
Crystalline solids:
In a single crystal, the regularity of arrangement of the pattern...
States of Matter
Three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. Amongst them, liquid and gases are called fluids because of their ability to flow. But...
Packing Efficiency
Packing efficiency is defined as the percentage of total space filled by the constituent particles in a crystal.
Packing efficiency in hcp and ccp structures:
Let...
Imperfection in Solids
Single crystals are formed when the process of crystallization occurs at extremely slow rate. Even these crystals are not free of defects. The defects...
Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
Crystal Lattices:
A crystalline solid consist of a large number of small units, called crystals, each of which possesses a definite geometric shape bounded by...
Non-Stoichiometric Defects and Metal Deficiency Defect
Non-Stoichiometric Defects
A large number of non-stoichiometric inorganic solids are known which contain the constituent elements in non-stoichiometric ratio due to defects in their crystal...
Classification of Crystalline Solid
Classification of Crystalline Solid
Molecular solids:
Those solids which consist of small molecules are called molecular solids.
1. Non - polar molecular solids:
The...
Packing efficiency in Body-centred cubic structures
Now consider the unit cell of body-centred cubic in which sphere ABCDEFGH are occupied at corner. And sphere c is placed at body-centre of...
Stoichiometric Defects
Stoichiometric Defects
These are the point defects that do not disturb the stoichiometry of the solid. They are also called intrinsic or thermodynamic defects.
Basically...
Characteristics of a Unit Cell
A unit cell is characterized by 6 parameters:
3-edges a, b and c (refer the diagram given above). The edges may...