Ray Optics

Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total
internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses,
thin lens formula, lensmaker’s formula, magnification, the power of a lens, the combination of thin
lenses in contact, refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
Scattering of light – blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset.
Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and
their magnifying powers.