Physics

12th physics. NCERT notes

Definition: Insulators, Semiconductors & Conductors

Insulators: In an insulator, the forbidden energy gap is very large. In general, the forbidden energy gap is more than 3eV and almost no electrons...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Energy bands in conductors

The lower completely filled band is called valence band and the upper empty band is called conduction band. The gap between the top of...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Energy band in solids

In solids, the atoms are arranged in a systematic space lattice and each atom is influenced by neighbouring atoms. The closeness of atoms results...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Classification of Metals, Conductors and Semiconductors

On the basis of conductivity: On the basis of the relative values of electrical conductivity (σ) or resistivity (ρ = 1/σ), the solids are...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Nuclear Energy

Nuclear Energy Energy then can be released if less tightly bound nuclei are transmuted into more tightly bound nuclei. Two such processes, which we have...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Binding energy per nucleon

As, some mass disappears in the formation of a nucleus in the form of mass defect. This loss in mass reappears in the form...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Gamma Radiations and Gamma decay

Gamma Radiations: There are energy levels in a nucleus, just like there are energy levels in atoms. When a nucleus is in an excited state,...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Beta Particles and Beta Decay

Beta Particles: A nucleus that decays spontaneously by emitting an electron or a positron is said to undergo beta decay. Like alpha decay, this is...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Alpha Particle and Alpha Decay

Alpha Particle: Alpha particles are helium nuclei of nuclear origin. It carries 2 unit positive charges and its mass is about four times the mass...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Radioactivity

Radioactivity was discovered by A.H. Becquerel 1896 accidently. Radioactivity was a nuclear phenomenon in which an unstable nucleus undergoes decay. This is referred to as...