Trivial System
It is the oldest system in which names are derived from source or some property. These are mainly derived from Latin or Greek names e.g., acetic acid (acetum = vinegar), oxalic acid (oxalic), malic acid (Pyrus malus), citric acid (citric acid).
IUPAC System
Acc. To IUPAC system, the name of an organic compound contains three parts: (i) Word root, (ii) Suffix, (iii) Prefix.
Word root:
Word root represents the number of carbon atoms present in the principal chain, which is the longest possible chain of carbon atoms.
Suffix:
Suffix are of two types, primary suffix, secondary suffix.
- Primary Suffix: It indicates the type of bond in the carbon atoms.
- Secondary Suffix: Secondary suffix is used to represent the functional group.
Prefix:
Prefix is a part of IUPAC name which appears before the word root. Prefix are of two types:
- Primary prefix: For example, primary prefix cyclo is used to differentiate cyclic compounds.
- Secondary prefix: Some functional groups are considered as substituents and denoted by secondary prefixes.
For example:
