Physical & Chemical Properties of ethers:
Physical Properties of ethers:
Miscibility:
Miscibility of ethers with water resembles those of alcohols of the same molecular mass. This is due to the fact that...
Ethers and Preparation of Ethers
Ethers
Ethers are classified as simple or symmetrical, if the alkyl or aryl groups attached to the oxygen atom are the same, and mixed or...
Physical & Chemical properties of Phenols
Physical properties of Phenols
Phenols are colourless liquids or crystalline solids but become coloured due to slow oxidation with air.
...
Preparation of phenol
General methods of preparation of phenols are described below:
Preparation of phenol From benzene sulphonic acid:
Preparation of phenol From haloarenes:
Preparation of phenol From diazonium salt:
Commercial...
Structure of phenol
Structure of phenol
In phenols, the –OH group is attached to sp2 hybridised carbon of an aromatic ring. The C–O bond length (136 pm) in...
Nomenclature of Phenols
Common naming system:
The simplest hydroxy derivative of benzene is a phenol. Phenol is the common name as well as an...
Phenols & Classification Of Phenols
Phenols
Phenols are the compounds formed when a hydrogen atom in an aromatic ring, is replaced by a hydroxyl group (-OH group). For example:
Classification Of...
Methanol and Ethanol
Two commercially important alcohols are methanol and ethanol.
Methanol, CH3OH
Preparation of Methanol:
Methanol is mainly produced by catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide at high pressure and...
Physical & Chemical Properties of Alcohols
Physical properties of alcohols
Lower alcohols are liquid at room temperature while higher ones are solid.
The boiling...
Preparation of Alcohols
General methods of preparation of alcohols are described below:
Preparation of Alcohols From alkenes:
By acid catalysed hydration of alkenes in accordance with...