Physics

12th physics. NCERT notes

Junction Transistor

Junction transistor A junction transistor is a solid-state device. It consists of silicon or germanium crystal containing two PN junctions. The two PN junctions are...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Zener Diode

Zener diode Zener diode is a reverse biased heavily doped semiconductor (silicon or germanium) PN junction diode, which is operated exclusively in the breakdown region. The...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Photodiode

Photodiode A photodiode is again a special purpose p-n junction diode fabricated with a transparent window to allow light to fall...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Solar Cell

Solar cell A solar cell is basically a p-n junction which generates emf when solar radiation falls on the p-n junction. It works on the same...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Light Emitting Diode (LED) A light emitting diode (LED) is a forward biased PN junction diode, which emits visible light when energized. When a junction diode...
12th physics. NCERT notes

PN Junction Diode as a rectifier

Junction Diode as a rectifier The process in which alternating voltage or alternating current is converted into a direct voltage or direct current is known...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Bias Characteristics of PN Junction Diode

Forwarding Bias Characteristics of PN Junction Diode The circuit for the study of forwarding bias characteristics of PN junction diode is shown in Fig a....
12th physics. NCERT notes

PN Junction diode

PN Junction diode: If one side of a single crystal of pure semiconductor (Ge or Si) is doped with acceptor impurity atoms and the other...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Extrinsic Semiconductor

An extrinsic semiconductor is one in which an impurity with a valency higher or lower than the valency of the pure semiconductor is added,...
12th physics. NCERT notes

Intrinsic Semiconductor

A semiconductor which is pure and contains no impurity is known as an intrinsic semiconductor. In an intrinsic semiconductor, the number of free electrons...